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The majority of Americans or their ancestors [[Immigration to the United States|immigrated]] to the United States or are descended from people who were [[Atlantic slave trade]] as [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] within the past five centuries, with the exception of the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] population and people from [[Alaska]], [[Hawaii]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Guam]], [[Texas]], and formerly the [[Philippines]], | The majority of Americans or their ancestors [[Immigration to the United States|immigrated]] to the United States or are descended from people who were [[Atlantic slave trade]] as [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] within the past five centuries, with the exception of the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] population and people from [[Alaska]], [[Hawaii]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Guam]], [[Texas]], and formerly the [[Philippines]], | ||
==Racial and ethnic groups== | ==Racial and ethnic groups== | ||
The United States is a [[Multiculturalism|diverse]] country, both [[Race (human categorization)|racially]] and [[Ethnicity|ethnically]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/pop-profile/2000/chap16.pdf |title=Our Diverse Population: Race and Hispanic Origin, 2000 |access-date=April 24, 2008 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=July 15, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040715050055/https://www.census.gov/population/pop-profile/2000/chap16.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Six races]] are officially recognized by the [[United States Census Bureau]] for statistical purposes: Alaska Native and American Indian, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, White, and people of two or more races. "Some other race" is also an option in the census and other surveys.<ref name="Standards">{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg/1997standards.html |title=Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity |access-date=May 5, 2008 |publisher=[[Office of Management and Budget]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315191301/https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg/1997standards.html |archive-date=March 15, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="Overview">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf |title=Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 |access-date=January 2, 2015 |last=Grieco |first=Elizabeth M |author2=Rachel C. Cassidy |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=April 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410133330/https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=PEPT3race08>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ |title=U.S. Census website |work=2008 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=February 28, 2010 |archive-date=December 27, 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | The United States is a [[Multiculturalism|diverse]] country, both [[Race (human categorization)|racially]] and [[Ethnicity|ethnically]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/pop-profile/2000/chap16.pdf |title=Our Diverse Population: Race and Hispanic Origin, 2000 |access-date=April 24, 2008 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=July 15, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040715050055/https://www.census.gov/population/pop-profile/2000/chap16.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Six races]] are officially recognized by the [[United States Census Bureau]] for statistical purposes: Alaska Native and American Indian, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, White, and people of two or more races. "Some other race" is also an option in the census and other surveys.<ref name="Standards">{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg/1997standards.html |title=Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity |access-date=May 5, 2008 |publisher=[[Office of Management and Budget]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315191301/https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg/1997standards.html |archive-date=March 15, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="Overview">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf |title=Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 |access-date=January 2, 2015 |last=Grieco |first=Elizabeth M |author2=Rachel C. Cassidy |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=April 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410133330/https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=PEPT3race08>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ |title=U.S. Census website |work=2008 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=February 28, 2010 |archive-date=December 27, 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
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The [[Spaniards]] were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the continental United States in 1565.<ref name=loc>{{cite web |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |title=A Spanish Expedition Established St. Augustine in Florida |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |access-date=March 27, 2009 |archive-date=October 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010022552/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | The [[Spaniards]] were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the continental United States in 1565.<ref name=loc>{{cite web |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |title=A Spanish Expedition Established St. Augustine in Florida |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |access-date=March 27, 2009 |archive-date=October 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010022552/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref> | ||
[[Martín de Argüelles]], born in 1566 in [[St. Augustine, Florida|San Agustín, La Florida]] then a part of [[New Spain]], was the first person of European descent born in what is now the continental United States. | [[Martín de Argüelles]], born in 1566 in [[St. Augustine, Florida|San Agustín, La Florida]] then a part of [[New Spain]], was the first person of European descent born in what is now the continental United States. [[Virginia Dare]], born in 1587 in [[Roanoke Island]] in present-day [[North Carolina]], was the first child born in the original [[Thirteen Colonies]] to English parents. The Spaniards also established a continuous presence in what over three centuries later would become a possession of the United States with the founding of the city of [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]], in 1521. | ||
In the 2020 United States census, [[English Americans]] 46.5 million (19.8%), [[German Americans]] 45m (19.1%), [[Irish Americans]] 38.6m (16.4%), and [[Italian Americans]] 16.8m (7.1%) were the four largest self-reported European ancestry groups in the United States constituting 62.4% of the population.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url= https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/09/2020-census-dhc-a-race-overview.html|title= Census Bureau Releases 2020 Census Population for More Than 200 New Detailed Race and Ethnicity Groups|date= September 21, 2023|access-date= October 21, 2023}}</ref> However, the English Americans and [[British Americans]] demography is considered a serious under-count as they tend to self-report and identify as simply "[[American ancestry|Americans]]" (since the introduction of a new "American" category in the [[1990 United States census|1990]] census) due to the length of time they have inhabited America. This is highly over-represented in the [[Upland South]], a region that was settled historically by the British.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 Ethnic Landscapes of America] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404205908/https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200|date=April 4, 2023}} – By John A. Cross</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6 Census and you: monthly news from the U.S. Bureau... Volume 28, Issue 2] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407094950/https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6|date=April 7, 2023}} – By United States. Bureau of the Census</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57 Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116051127/https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57|date=January 16, 2023}} By Dominic J. Pulera.</ref><ref>Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', ''Demography'', Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', ''Social Science Research'', Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–6.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86.</ref> | In the 2020 United States census, [[English Americans]] 46.5 million (19.8%), [[German Americans]] 45m (19.1%), [[Irish Americans]] 38.6m (16.4%), and [[Italian Americans]] 16.8m (7.1%) were the four largest self-reported European ancestry groups in the United States constituting 62.4% of the population.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url= https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/09/2020-census-dhc-a-race-overview.html|title= Census Bureau Releases 2020 Census Population for More Than 200 New Detailed Race and Ethnicity Groups|date= September 21, 2023|access-date= October 21, 2023}}</ref> However, the English Americans and [[British Americans]] demography is considered a serious under-count as they tend to self-report and identify as simply "[[American ancestry|Americans]]" (since the introduction of a new "American" category in the [[1990 United States census|1990]] census) due to the length of time they have inhabited America. This is highly over-represented in the [[Upland South]], a region that was settled historically by the British.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 Ethnic Landscapes of America] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404205908/https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200|date=April 4, 2023}} – By John A. Cross</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6 Census and you: monthly news from the U.S. Bureau... Volume 28, Issue 2] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230407094950/https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6|date=April 7, 2023}} – By United States. Bureau of the Census</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57 Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116051127/https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57|date=January 16, 2023}} By Dominic J. Pulera.</ref><ref>Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', ''Demography'', Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', ''Social Science Research'', Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–6.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86.</ref> | ||