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Some of the principal early '''Upaniṣads''':

#Bṛhadaraṇyaka Upaniṣad
#Chāndogya Upaniṣad
#Taittirīya Upaniṣad
#Aitareya Upaniṣad
#Kauṣītaki Upaniṣad
#Kena Upaniṣad
#Kaṭha Upaniṣad
#Īśa Upaniṣad
#Śvetāśvatara Upaniṣad
#Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad
#Praśna Upaniṣad
#Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad

==Bṛhadaraṇyaka Upaniṣad==
;Bṛhadaraṇyaka Upaniṣad

===Adhyāya 1===
*'''1'''
**1-2: Sacrificial horse identified with the universe
***2.1-7: Creation emerges from Death
***2.7: Origin of the horse sacrifice
**3: Contest between gods and demons
***3.1-18: Superiority of the breath within the mouth over other vital functions
***3.19-23: Homologies of breath: breath as Sāman
***3.24-28: What one wins by means of Sāman
**4: Creation
***4.1-8: Creation emerges from the self (ātman)
***4.9-10: Brahman as one’s self
***4.11-15: Creation emerges from brahman
***4.15-16: The self as one’s world
***4.17: Creation emerges from the self (ātman)
**5
***5.1-13: Seven kinds of food
***5.14-15: Man identified with the year and Prajāpati
***5.16: The three worlds
***5.17-20: Rite of transfer to the son
***5.21-23: Contest among vital functions: superiority of breath

===Adhyāya 2===
*'''2'''
**1: Dialogue between Dṛpta-Bālāki and Ajātaśatru on brahman
***1.15-20: The nature of sleep
**2: The central breath
**3: Two visible appearances of brahman
**4: Dialogue between Yājñavalkya and his wife, Maitreyī
***4.5-14: Discourse on the self
**5: All reality compared to honey
**6: Lineage of teachers

===Adhyāya 3===
*'''3''': Yājnavalkya at Janaka’s sacrifice: debate with eight teachers
**1: Debate with Aśvala on the ritual
**2: Debate with Jāratkāra on the graspers and life after death
**3: Debate with Bhujyu: where do horse sacrificers go?
**4: Debate with Uṣasta on brahman and the self
**5: Debate with Kahola on brahman; giving up desires
**6: Debate with Gārgī: on what is the universe woven?
**7: Debate with Uddālaka: on what are the worlds strung?
**8: Debate with Gārgī: on what is the universe woven?
**9
***9.1-26: Debate with Vidagdha: how many gods are there?
***9.27-28: Yājñavalkya questions his opponents

===Adhyāya 4===
*'''4'''
**1-2: Dialogue between Janaka and Yājñavalkya
***1.2: Y. rejects Jitvan’s view that brahman is speech
***1.3: Y. rejects Uddālka’s view that brahman is lifebreath
***1.4: Y. rejects Barku’s view that brahman is sight
***1.5: Y. rejects Gardabhīvipīta’s view that brahman is hearing
***1.6: Y. rejects Satyakāma’s view that brahman is the mind
***1.7: Y. rejects Vidagdha’s view that brahman is the heart
***2.1-4: Y.’s teaching on the self
**3-4: A further dialogue between Janaka and Yājñavalkya
***3.1-8: Self as one’s source of light
***3.9-34: On dreaming and dreamless sleep
***3.35-4.2: On what happens at death
***4.3-6: On the course after death of those who desire
***4.6-25: On the course after death of those who are without desires
**5: Dialogue between Yājñavalkya and his wife, Maitreyī
***5.6-15: Discourse on the self
**6: Lineage of teachers

===Adhyāya 5===
*'''5'''
**1: Brahman is space
**2: Prajāpati’s instruction to gods and demons
**3: Brahman is the heart
**4: Brahman is the real
**5: Waters create the real; the real creates the universe
**6: Person within the heart
**7: Brahman is lightning
**8: Speech as a cow
**9: Fire common to all men and the digestive process
**10: Course of a man after death
**11: Sickness as austerity
**12: Brahman as food and breath together
**13: Priests and royalty as breath
**14: Cosmic correspondences of the Gāyatrī verse
**15: Prayer for safe passage after death

===Adhyāya 6===
*'''6'''
**1: Contest among vital functions: superiority of breath
**2: Pravāhaṇa’s questions to Śvetaketu and instruction of Uddālaka
***2.8-14: Doctrine of five fires and transmigration
***2.15-16: The two paths of the dead—to gods and to fathers
**3: Offering to vital functions for securing a wish
**4: On sexual intercourse
***4.1-6: Obligation to have sex with women
***4.7-11: Rites to secure love and pregnancy, and to prevent pregnancy
***4.12: Rite to harm a wife’s lover
***4.13-23: Rites to obtain different types of children
***4.24-28: Rites for the newborn
**5: Lineage of teachers

==Chāndogya Upaniṣad==
;Chāndogya Upaniṣad

===Adhyāya 1===
*'''1'''
**1: High Chant identified with Oṁ, the essence of all
**2: Contest between gods and demons using the High Chant
***2.2-14: Breath within the mouth as the true High Chant
**3: Cosmic correspondences of the High Chant
**4-5: High Chant as Oṁ
**6-7: Cosmic and bodily correspondences of Ṛg, Sāman, and High Chant
**8-9: Dialogue between Pravāhana and two Brahmins on the High Chant
***9.1-3: High Chant as Space
**10-11: Story of Uṣasti: High Chant identified with breath, sun, and food
**12: High Chant of dogs
**13: Correspondences of interjections in Sāmans

===Adhyāya 2===
*'''2'''
**1: Veneration of Sāman
**2-7: Cosmic and bodily correspondences of the fivefold Sāman
**8: The sevenfold Sāman as speech
**9-10: The sevenfold Sāman as the sun
**11-21: Cosmic and bodily correspondences of the fivefold Sāman
**22: Ways of singing and pronouncing a Sāman
**23.1: Contrast between Law (dharma) and brahman
**23.2-3: Creation of Vedas and Oṁ by Prajāpati
**24: The way to secure the reward of Soma offerings

===Adhyāya 3===
*'''3'''
**1-11: Sun as honey
***1-5: Honey of sun extracted from all forms of sacred knowledge
***6-10: Different classes of gods subsist on parts of that honey
***11: Sun that does not set
**12: Gāyatrī as the whole universe
**13: Five openings of the heart: their cosmic and bodily correspondences
**14: Brahman as one’s self within the heart
**15: The universe compared to a chest
**16-17: The sacrifice compared to the life span and activities of a man
**18.1: Brahman as mind and space
**18.2-6: Vital functions as the four quarters of brahman

===Adhyāya 4===
*'''4'''
**1-3: Story of Jānaśruti and Raikva: doctrine of wind and breath as gatherers
**4-9: Story of Satyakāma Jābāla: the four quarters of brahman
**10-15: Story of Upakosala
***10-14: Correspondences of the three sacred fires
***15: Self as the person in the eye
**16-17: Work of the Brahman priest in rectifying sacrificial errors

===Adhyāya 5===
*'''5'''
**1-2: Contest among vital functions
***1-2.3: Superiority of breath
***2.4-9: Offerings to vital functions to obtain something great
**3-10: Pravāhaia’s questions to śvetaketu and instruction of Uddālaka
***4-9: Doctrine of five fires and transmigration
***10: The two paths of the dead—to gods and to fathers
**11-24: Aśvapati’s instruction on the self and brahman
***12-17: Rejection of the identity of cosmic entities and the self
***18: Description of the self
***19-24: Offering of food in the five breaths

===Adhyāya 6===
*'''6''': Dialogue between Uddālaka and his son, Śvetaketu
**1.3-7: Rule of substitution which makes known the unknown
**2: Creation comes from the existent
**3: Three origins of creatures
**4: Three appearances of things: red, white, and black
**5-6: The three parts of food and drink that form various bodily parts
**7: The sixteen parts of man
**8.1-2: The nature of sleep
**8.3-6: The existent as the root of man
**8.7-16.3: The true nature of the self

===Adhyāya 7===
*'''7''': Sanatkumāra instructs Nārada
**1-15: Progressively greater realities from name to lifebreath
**16-23: The need to perceive activities from thinking to plenitude
**24-26: Correspondence between plenitude and self

===Adhyāya 8===
*'''8'''
**1-6: The space within the heart as containing all things
***1: The self free from old age and death
***2: Securing wishes by mere thought
***3: Brahman as the real
***4: Self as a dike dividing this world from the world of brahman
***5: Praise of the student life
***6: The veins in the heart
**7-12: Prajāpati instructs Indra and Virocaṇa on the true self
***7-8: Self as physical appearance
***9-10: Self as the person in dream
***11: Self as the person in deep sleep
***12: The true self
**13-15: Glorification of the perfected self

==Taittirīya Upaniṣad==
;Taittirīya Upaniṣad
*'''1'''
**1: Invocation
**2: Phonetics
**3: Correspondences of phonetic combinations
**4: Teacher’s prayer
**5-6: The correspondences of the Calls
**7: Fivefold divisions and correspondences of cosmos and body
**8: The universe as Oṁ
**9-10: Importance of vedic recitation
**11: Instructions to a departing student
**12: Student’s prayer
*'''2'''
**1-2: The self consisting of food
**2-3: The self consisting of lifebreath
**3-4: The self consisting of mind
**4-5: The self consisting of understanding
**5: The self consisting of bliss
**6: Brahman as the real; brahman creates the universe
**7: The real arising from the unreal
**8-9: Description of the bliss of brahman; the way a dead person attains brahman
*'''3'''
**1: Varuṇa’s instruction to Bhṛgu on brahman
**2: Brahman as food
**3: Brahman as lifebreath
**4: Brahman as mind
**5: Brahman as perception
**6: Brahman as bliss
**7-9: Instruction regarding food and its correspondences
**10
***1: On giving food to others
***2-4: Veneration of food and its correspondences
***5: The passage after death
***6: Eulogy of food

==Kauṣītaki Upaniṣad==
;Kauṣītaki Upaniṣad
*'''1''': Citra instructs Uddālaka on the two paths of the dead
**1: Citra questions Śvetaketu
**2: The path of those who return here after death
**3-7: The path to brahman; description of what one encounters on the path
*'''2'''
**1-2: Brahman is breath
**3: Rite to capture something of value
**4: Rite to secure someone’s love
**5: Fire sacrifice offered internally in speech and breath
**6: Brahman is the Ṛgvedic recitation (Uktha)
**7: Three ways of worshiping the sun
**8: Rites to secure the welfare of one’s children
**9: Rite to secure one’s welfare
**10: Rite during sexual intercourse
**11: Greeting the son upon return from a journey
**12-13: Explanation of “the dying around of the deities”
**14: Gaining preeminence by knowing the superiority of breath over other vital functions
**15: Rite of transfer to the son when a father is about to die
*'''3''': Indra’s instruction to Pratardana
**1: On understanding Indra
**2: Indra as breath, the self consisting of intelligence
**3-4: The superiority of breath over other vital functions
***Breath as intelligence
***What happens at death?
**5-7: Superiority of intelligence over other faculties
**8: Intelligence as the self beyond all diversity
*'''4''': Dialogue between Ajātaśatru and Bālāki on brahman
**2-18: Ajātaśatru rejects different identifications of brahman
**19: Instruction of Bālāki by Ajātaśatru: explanation of sleep
**20: Breath as the self consisting of intelligence

==Kena Upaniṣad==
;Kena Upaniṣad
*1: Brahman is beyond the senses and is the cause of their cognitive powers
*2: Those who claim to know brahman do not know it
*3: Brahman is the one who wins the victory for the gods
*4: Tadvana: the upaniṣad with regard to brahman

==Kaṭha Upaniṣad==
;Kaṭha Upaniṣad
*'''1'''
**Encounter between Naciketas and Death
**9-19: Death grants Naciketas three wishes
**20-29: The third wish of Naciketas: condition after death
*'''2'''
**1-11: Transient joys are to be abandoned
**12-25: Discourse on the self
*'''3''': The path of a wise man: curbing of the senses
*'''4-6''': Discourse on the self and brahman

==Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad==
;Muṇḍaka Upaniṣad
*'''1'''
**1
***1-6 The higher and the lower types of knowledge
***7-9: Path of rites and the path of knowledge
**2: 1-13 (same topic continued)
*'''2'''
**1: All beings originate from the primeval Person
**2: Description of brahman
*'''3'''
**1-2: The way one can perceive brahman

==Praśna Upaniṣad==
;Praśna Upaniṣad
*1: The origin of creatures: creation of substance and lifebreath by Prajāpati
*2: Superiority of lifebreath over other faculties
*3: How breath travels about within the body
*4: Explanation of dream and dreamless sleep
*5: Meditation on the syllable Oṁ
*6: 16 parts of a man

==References==
<references/>
*Olivelle, Patrick (1998). ''The early Upaniṣads: annotated text and translation''. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-512435-9.

[[Category:Religion]]
[[Category:Hinduism]]
[[Category:Mysticism]]

Upanishads - Revision history

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