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White and European Americans

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'''Americans''' are the [[Citizenship of the United States|citizens]] and [[United States nationality law|nationals]] of the [[United States|United States of America]].The United States is home to [[Race and ethnicity in the United States|people of many racial and ethnic origins]]; consequently, [[Law of the United States|American law]] does not equate [[nationality]] with [[Race (human categorization)|race]] or [[ethnicity]] but with citizenship.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://cite.case.law/f3d/502/337/#p341 |title=Fernandez v. Keisler, 502 F.3d 337}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://cite.case.law/f-supp-2d/599/772/#footnote_1_3 |title=Robertson-Dewar v. Mukasey, 599 F. Supp. 2d 772}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Permanent Allegiance Law and Legal Definition |url=https://definitions.uslegal.com/p/permanent-allegiance/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=The American Diaspora |journal=[[Esquire (magazine)]]}}</ref>

The majority of Americans or their ancestors [[Immigration to the United States|immigrated]] to the United States or are descended from people who were [[Atlantic slave trade]] as [[Slavery in the United States|slaves]] within the past five centuries, with the exception of the [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] population and people from [[Alaska]], [[Hawaii]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Guam]], [[Texas]], and formerly the [[Philippines]],
==Racial and ethnic groups==
The United States is a [[Multiculturalism|diverse]] country, both [[Race (human categorization)|racially]] and [[Ethnicity|ethnically]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/population/pop-profile/2000/chap16.pdf |title=Our Diverse Population: Race and Hispanic Origin, 2000 |access-date=April 24, 2008 |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=July 15, 2004 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040715050055/https://www.census.gov/population/pop-profile/2000/chap16.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|Six races]] are officially recognized by the [[United States Census Bureau]] for statistical purposes: Alaska Native and American Indian, Asian, Black or African American, Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander, White, and people of two or more races. "Some other race" is also an option in the census and other surveys.<ref name="Standards">{{cite web|url=https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg/1997standards.html |title=Revisions to the Standards for the Classification of Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity |access-date=May 5, 2008 |publisher=[[Office of Management and Budget]] |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090315191301/https://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/fedreg/1997standards.html |archive-date=March 15, 2009 }}</ref><ref name="Overview">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf |title=Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000 |access-date=January 2, 2015 |last=Grieco |first=Elizabeth M |author2=Rachel C. Cassidy |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |archive-date=April 10, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170410133330/https://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/cenbr01-1.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=PEPT3race08>{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/ |title=U.S. Census website |work=2008 Population Estimates |publisher=U.S. Census Bureau |access-date=February 28, 2010 |archive-date=December 27, 1996 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19961227012639/https://www.census.gov/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

The United States Census Bureau also classifies Americans as "Hispanic or Latino" and "Not Hispanic or Latino", which identifies [[Hispanic and Latino Americans]] as a racially diverse ''[[Race and ethnicity in the United States Census|ethnicity]]'' that comprises the largest minority group in the nation.<ref name="Standards"/><ref name="Overview"/><ref name="PEPT3race08"/>

== White and European Americans ==
[[File:Largest white alone or in any combination group by county in the United States. US Census 2020.jpg|thumb|275px|European ancestry in the United States by county (self-reported) in 2020]]

People of [[Europe]]an descent, or White Americans (also referred to as [[European Americans]] and Caucasian Americans), constitute the majority of the 331 million people living in the United States, with 191,697,647 people or 61.6% of the population in the [[2020 United States census]].Of the foreign-born population from [[Europe]] (4,817 thousand), in 2010, 61.8% were naturalized.<ref name="fbpACS2010">{{cite web |url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2012pubs/acs-19.pdf |title=The Foreign Born Population in the United States: 2010}}</ref>

The [[Spaniards]] were the first Europeans to establish a continuous presence in what is now the continental United States in 1565.<ref name=loc>{{cite web |url=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |title=A Spanish Expedition Established St. Augustine in Florida |publisher=[[Library of Congress]] |access-date=March 27, 2009 |archive-date=October 10, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181010022552/http://www.americaslibrary.gov/jb/colonial/jb_colonial_augustin_1.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[Martín de Argüelles]], born in 1566 in [[St. Augustine, Florida|San Agustín, La Florida]] then a part of [[New Spain]], was the first person of European descent born in what is now the continental United States. [[Virginia Dare]], born in 1587 in [[Roanoke Island]] in present-day [[North Carolina]], was the first child born in the original [[Thirteen Colonies]] to English parents. The Spaniards also established a continuous presence in what over three centuries later would become a possession of the United States with the founding of the city of [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]], in 1521.

In the 2020 United States census, [[English Americans]] 46.5 million (19.8%), [[German Americans]] 45m (19.1%), [[Irish Americans]] 38.6m (16.4%), and [[Italian Americans]] 16.8m (7.1%) were the four largest self-reported European ancestry groups in the United States constituting 62.4% of the population.<ref name="auto2">{{cite web|url= https://www.census.gov/library/stories/2023/09/2020-census-dhc-a-race-overview.html|title= Census Bureau Releases 2020 Census Population for More Than 200 New Detailed Race and Ethnicity Groups|date= September 21, 2023|access-date= October 21, 2023}}</ref> However, the English Americans and [[British Americans]] demography is considered a serious under-count as they tend to self-report and identify as simply "[[American ancestry|Americans]]" (since the introduction of a new "American" category in the [[1990 United States census|1990]] census) due to the length of time they have inhabited America. This is highly over-represented in the [[Upland South]], a region that was settled historically by the British.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=mCopDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA200 Ethnic Landscapes of America] – By John A. Cross</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=sQOJDBgBFmYC&pg=PA6 Census and you: monthly news from the U.S. Bureau... Volume 28, Issue 2] – By United States. Bureau of the Census</ref><ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=SVoAXh-dNuYC&pg=PA57 Sharing the Dream: White Males in a Multicultural America] By Dominic J. Pulera.</ref><ref>Reynolds Farley, 'The New Census Question about Ancestry: What Did It Tell Us?', ''Demography'', Vol. 28, No. 3 (August 1991), pp. 414, 421.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', ''Social Science Research'', Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44–6.</ref><ref>Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', ''Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science'', Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82–86.</ref>

Overall, as the largest group, European Americans have the lowest [[Poverty in the United States|poverty rate]]<ref name="Poverty rate">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p60-229.pdf|title=Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2004|access-date=December 9, 2017|archive-date=October 9, 2022|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.census.gov/prod/2005pubs/p60-229.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> and the second highest [[Educational attainment in the United States#Ethnicity and race|educational attainment]] levels, median [[Household income in the United States|household income]],<ref name="Median household income newsbrief, US Census Bureau 2005">{{cite web|url=https://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/income_wealth/005647.html |title=Median household income newsbrief, US Census Bureau 2005 |access-date=September 24, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060903121511/http://www.census.gov/Press-Release/www/releases/archives/income_wealth/005647.html |archive-date=September 3, 2006 |url-status=dead |df=mdy }}</ref> and median [[Personal income in the United States|personal income]]<ref name="US Census Bureau, Personal income for Asian Americans, age 25+, 2006">{{cite web|url=http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/032006/perinc/new03_008.htm |title=US Census Bureau, Personal income for Asian Americans, age 25+, 2006 |access-date=December 17, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060929074108/http://pubdb3.census.gov/macro/032006/perinc/new03_008.htm |archive-date=September 29, 2006 }}</ref> of any racial demographic in the nation, second only to [[Asian Americans]] in the latter three categories.

==References==

Americans - Revision history

imported>Akhib5999: /* White and European Americans */